A proliferation of press headlines, social science texts and ethical concerns about the social implications of recent developments in human genetics and biomedicine have created a sense that, at least in European and American contexts, both the way we treat the human body and our attitudes towards it have changed.

This volume asks what really happens to social relations in the face of new types of transaction such as organ donation, forensic identification and other new medical and reproductive technologies - that involve the use of corporeal material. Drawing on comparative insights into how human biological material is treated, it aims to consider how far human bodies and their components are themselves inherently social.

The case studies ranging from animal-human transformations in Amazonia to forensic reconstruction in post-conflict Serbia and the treatment of Native American specimens in English museums all underline that, without social relations, there are no bodies but only human remains. The volume gives us new and striking ethnographic insights into bodies as sociality, as well as a potentially powerful analytical reconsideration of notions of embodiment. It makes a novel contribution, too, to science and society debates.

Helen Lambert is Reader in Medical Anthropology at the University of Bristol, U.K. She has done fieldwork in India and the UK and her research interests include anthropology and public health, HIV, Indian medical traditions, gender and relatedness in South Asia, and notions of evidence. She has numerous publications in the anthropology of India and medical anthropology and is currently working on bonesetters and marginal medicine in India. She contributed the chapter on 'New medical anthropology' to the SAGE Handbook of Social Anthropology (ASA/Sage 2012).

Introduction
Helen Lambert andMaryon McDonald

Chapter 1. Aged Bodies and Kinship Matters: The Ethical Field of Kidney Transplant
Sharon R. Kaufman,Ann J. Russ andJanet K. Shim

Chapter 2. Anatomizing Conflict Accommodating Human Remains
Maja Petrovic-Steger

Chapter 3. On the Treatment of Dead Enemies: Indigenous Human Remains in Britain in the Early Twenty-first Century
Laura Peers

Chapter 4. Towards a Critical Ötziography: Inventing Prehistoric Bodies
John Robb

Chapter 5. Bodies in Perspective: A Critique of the Embodiment Paradigm from the Point of View of Amazonian Ethnography
Aparecida Vilaça

Chapter 6. Using Bodies to Communicate
Marilyn Strathern

Notes on Contributors
Index